In the United States, the right to protest and freedom of speech are cornerstones of democracy and civil rights, deeply embedded in the fabric of the nation. They are sacred rights that should be made available to all.
College campuses have long been hotbeds of activism, where students exercise their rights to free speech and assembly. Students are encouraged to stand up for what they believe in. The topics vary broadly, ranging from civil rights, minority rights, national and international policy, the environment, religion and more.
One of the main activities in activism and exercising civil rights are protests. However, the distinction between a peaceful protest, which is a legitimate exercise of civil rights, and a violent or irregular demonstration, which often crosses into criminal and immoral territory, is crucial. There is a fine line between these two forms of protests, which people sometimes tend to overlook.
The Right to Protest: A Fundamental Freedom
Peaceful protests are an essential part of American democracy. They allow individuals and groups to express their views, challenge authority, and advocate for change. Historically, college campuses have been epicenters of such activism.
There are several prominent examples in modern history of legitimate protests that helped promote certain agendas. The Free Speech Movement at UC Berkeley in 1964 is a prime example of a legitimate, peaceful protest. Students rallied against the university’s restrictions on political activities, advocating for their right to free speech. Their peaceful sit-ins and demonstrations played a pivotal role in the broader Civil Rights Movement, pushing for significant social change without resorting to violence or hate.
In the late 1960s and early 1970s, college campuses across the country were the sites of anti-Vietnam War protests. While there were instances of violence, the majority of these protests remained peaceful, with students holding rallies, teach-ins, and marches. These protests were driven by a moral opposition to the war, and they respected the rights of all individuals, even as they fiercely criticized government policies.
However, not all protests remain within the bounds of peaceful expression. When protests turn violent, involve hate speech, or target individuals or groups for discrimination, they no longer align with the values of free speech and democracy. Such actions can undermine the legitimacy of the cause and lead to legal consequences.
The Unite the Right rally in Charlottesville, Virginia, in 2017 is a stark example of a protest that crossed the line. What began as a rally to protest the removal of a Confederate statue quickly escalated into violence, with participants engaging in hate speech, carrying weapons, and ultimately leading to the tragic death of a counter-protester. This event was not an exercise in free speech but an instance of hate-fuelled violence and bigotry.
The Capitol Insurrection in 2021 is another stark example. While not a campus event, the January 6th insurrection at the U.S. Capitol illustrates the dangers of protests turning into criminal acts. Initially framed by some participants as a demonstration of political dissent, the event quickly devolved into a violent attack on democratic institutions, leading to deaths, injuries, and widespread condemnation.
The Fine Line: Exercising Rights Without Crossing It
The line between a peaceful protest and a violent demonstration is thin but clear. Legitimate protests are marked by respect for the rights of others, non-violent expression, and a focus on dialogue and change. When protests involve violence, intimidation, hate speech, or discrimination, they no longer serve the cause of justice and instead contribute to division and harm.
On campuses, it is vital to foster an environment where students can engage in activism while maintaining respect for the community. Universities should encourage open dialogue and provide spaces for peaceful protest but must also take a firm stand against any form of violence or hate.
Protests are a powerful tool for change, but they must be wielded responsibly. On college campuses, where the next generation of leaders is shaped, understanding the difference between legitimate and illegitimate protest is crucial. By upholding the principles of peaceful activism, we can ensure that the right to protest remains a force for good in society, while drawing a clear line against actions that undermine the values of democracy and justice.
